Gandhi

Following the Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh, the 1919 session of Congress was held in Amritsar. Motlilal Nehru was elected the President.

A special session of the Congress was held in 1920 at Calcutta in which Lala Lajpat Rai was elected the president. Gandhi made clear his plan of launching a Non-Cooperation movement which would urge the people to adopt swadeshi principles and habits, hand-spinnning, weaving, removal of untouhability, etc. People would be told to avoid government offices, courts, schools, etc.

The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in the annual session in December of the same year. Ambica Charan Mazumdar presided over this 1920 Nagpur Session in which Non-Coopeation Movement was launched.

C. R. Das moved the main resolution in that session. He and several other prominent lawyers like Nehru (father and son), Prasad, Patel, Jayakar, Kithlu, Rajagopalachari, Asaf Ali, etc. gave up their legal practice.

Jawaharlal Nehru encouraged the formation of Kisan Sabhas to rouse the peasants as an important pillar of the National Movement.

Lala Lajpat Rai was initially not in favour of it (due to boycott of schools) but later actively supported it and in the end was against its withdrawal.

Kishan Singh and Mota Singh called for no-revenue movements in Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur and headed the Babbar Akali group, a breakaway faction of the Akali movement for gurudwara reforms.

Govind Ballabh Pant, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Purshottamdas Tandon and Ganesh Shankar Vidhyarthi started their political careers as a part of this movement.

Premchand resigned from his post as a government schoolteacher and began contributing to the journal Aaj. His writings like Premsharam, Rangbhumi, etc. reflect the values of this movement.

Civil Disobedience was formally launched on April 6, 1930 when Gandhi lifted some salt at Dandi as a gesture of breaking the salt law.